The five questions that do the work
Most vetting advice is a long list. These five separate operators from salespeople, and you can ask all of them on one call.
- "What number do you optimise against?" If the answer is ACOS rather than net profit, they are optimising a diagnostic. ACOS falls when you starve volume — that is not a win.
- "Can you work out my break-even ACOS?" It is arithmetic from your margins, and it is different per product. If they cannot, or they quote a target from memory, they are working from a number that has nothing to do with your business. You can check yours with our calculator.
- "Show me a change log." Dates, changes, reasons — client details removed. This is the single most revealing request you can make, because it cannot be faked in the room and most agencies do not keep one.
- "Who runs my account day to day?" Being sold by a senior and managed by a junior is the most common disappointment in this industry. Ask how many accounts that person holds.
- "What is explicitly out of scope?" A crisp answer signals a defined service. Vagueness here becomes a dispute in month three.
How do you read an agency case study?
Four things separate a real case study from decoration:
- A starting point. "ACOS 45% to 22%" means something. "ACOS down 50%" without a baseline means nothing.
- A timeframe. Over what period, and was it comparable — or is a Q4 lift being presented as their achievement?
- Named caveats. What else changed in that window: a price change, a launch, a listing rewrite, seasonality. Their absence is what makes most competitor case studies read as fiction.
- Honest attribution. Ad-attributed revenue is not incremental revenue. Some of those sales would have happened anyway, and a good agency says so unprompted.
If a case study has a large number and none of the four, treat the number as unverified.
What about certifications and badges?
Verify them at the source rather than on the agency's own page. A partner badge is an image file; anyone can put one on a website. Check the issuing directory lists them.
Also separate two different things that look alike: being listed in a partner directory, and holding a badge. They have different requirements, and the distinction is quietly blurred a lot.
What access should an agency ask for?
The minimum that lets them do the job — and never your password.
- Scoped user invitations to Seller Central and the Ads console, not shared credentials.
- Read-only is enough for an audit. Wider access should come with the engagement, not before it.
- Ad spend stays on your own card. An agency routing your budget through their account is a real risk to you.
- They should never need your banking or tax details.
An agency that asks for account-owner credentials is telling you how they treat every other client's account too.
What this guide cannot tell you
It cannot tell you whether a particular agency is good. Every question here can be answered well by someone who then executes poorly, and references are self-selected by definition.
What it can do is filter out the ones who cannot answer at all — which is most of the ones that would have wasted your quarter. After that, the only real test is a small, defined piece of work with a deadline you both agreed.
These questions apply to us too. If we cannot answer them on a call, do not hire us either.
Where to go next
Questions people actually ask
Use these questions on us first.
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